Spec-Gloss Surfels and Normal–Diffuse Priors for Relightable Glossy Objects

Accurate reconstruction and relighting of glossy objects remain a longstanding challenge, as object shape, material properties, and illumination are inherently difficult to disentangle. Existing neural rendering approaches often rely on simplified BRDF models or parameterizations that couple diffuse and specular components, which restricts faithful material recovery and limits relighting fidelity. We propose a relightable framework that integrates a microfacet BRDF with the specular–glossiness parameterization into 2D Gaussian Splatting with deferred shading. This formulation enables more physically consistent material decomposition, while diffusion-based priors for surface normals and diffuse color guide early-stage optimization and mitigate ambiguity. Furthermore, a coarse-to-fine optimization of the environment map accelerates convergence and preserves high-dynamic-range specular reflections. Extensive experiments on complex glossy scenes demonstrate that our method achieves high-quality geometry and material reconstruction and delivers substantially more realistic and consistent relighting under novel illumination compared to existing Gaussian splatting methods. The code will be released upon acceptance.